Type-writing machine.



` No. 633,|39. Patented sept. 19, |899.

T. A. KILLMAN &. H. A. BBATTEN. T-YPE WRITING MACHlNE.

(Application led. May 24, 1898.)

Yu: Nonms Pzzns co. vNoToLrrNo.. wAsruNsToN, u. c`

l Pat'ented sept. le, |899. T. A. KILLMAN & H.'A. BRATTEN.

TYPE wmfma MACHINE.

Patented Sept. I9, |899.

T. A. KILLMAN 8L H. A. BRATTEN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 24, 1898.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 3 (No Model.)

m: n'onms PETERS cc, mm'numc., msmnuon. n. c,

No. 633,!39. Patented Sept. I9, |899. 'L A. KILLMAN & H. A. BRATTEN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 24, 1898.) (No-Model.) 6 Sheets-Shut 4.

TH: Nonms PETERS' co. wo'murno., WASHINGTON, n. cv

No. 633,139. Patented sept. :9, |999. T. A. K|LLMAN 9 H. A. BRATTEN.TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

` (Application med May 24, 1898,) No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5,

m: mums 51ans co.. mcmrumo.. wnsumnwu, n. c.

Patented Sept. I9, |899. T. A. KILLMAN & H. A. ABRTTEN. 1

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led. May 24, 189B.)

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 6,

YUNITED STATT-s v PATENT OFFICE.

Tl'lOh'lAS A. KILLMAN AND HERSCHEL A. BRATTEN, OF LIBERTY, TENNESSEE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 633,139, datedSepten'lberv 19, 1899.

Application filed May 24,1898. Serial No. 681.558. (No model.)

To (/,ZZ whom, it muy concern.-

Be it known that we, THOMAS A. KTLLMAN and HERscHEL A. BRATTEN, citizensof the United States, residing at Libert-y, in the county of De Kalb andState of Tennessee have invented a new and useful Type-VVriting Machine,of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to type-writing machines, and has for its objectto provide a simple, compact, andv efficient construction andarrangement of parts whereby the manual shifting of the carriage at theend of each line, the independent manual operation of linespacingmechanism, and the independent letter-spacing between words may beavoided, all of such adjustments being accomplished automatically, and,furthermore, to provide simple means for operating the printing devicesand for adjustment to change the width of the space between lines.

Further objects and advantages of this inyvention will appear in thefollowing description, and the novel features thereof will beparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a type-writingmachine constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal central section of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective viewof the operating mechanism with the casingomitted and indicated indotted lines, only one of the printing-keys being illustrated. Fig. 4isa similar View showing the mechanism from the rear. Fig. 5 is a detailfront view of the ratchet members of the line-spacing mechanism, showingin full lines the normal position of the main ratchet and in dottedlines the adjusted or advanced position of theA same prior to themovement of the auxiliary ratchet. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional viewr ofthe linespacing mechanism on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detailrear view of the line-spacing mechanism, inclusive of the ratchet andpawl members, a portion of the former being broken away, andindicatingin full lines the normal and in dotted lines the adjustedposition of-the pawl-carrying rocking lever. Fig. S is a detailsectional view of the operating or feed pawl on the plane indicated bythe line 8 S of Fig. 7. Fig. i) is a detail transverse section of theplaten to show the means for engaging opposite edges of theimpression-sheet. Fig. 10 is a detail side View of the letter-spacingmechanism, showing in full lines the normal and in dotted lines theadjusledor depressed position of the feed-pawl. Fig. 11 is a similarviewof'the letter-spacing mechanism, showing in full lines the normaland in dotted lines the depressed or adjusted positions of the feed andstop pawls.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

In a suitable stationary frame or casing 1, by which the operatingpartsof the mechanism are inclosed, is mounted a shifting frame orcarriage 2, including terminal spiders arranged in planes parallel withthe lines of writing and connected by suitable longitudinal members,hereinafter fully` described, which extend in directions transverse tothe lines of writing. The forward arms of the terminal spiders areconnected by a framebar 3, upon which, at an intermediate point, isfitted a sleeve 4, carrying a supporting-roll 5, which traverses acarriage guide or track G, which is parallel with the direction ofmovement of the carriage, but is transverse to the lines of writing, aswill hereinafter appear. The rear Varms of said spiders are connected bya bar 7, to which are attached guide-sleeves 8, mounted upon a secondstationary guide 9, which connects opposite sides of and issecuredterminallytotheframel. Also,mounted insuitable bearings in theupper vertical arms of the spiders is the spindle 10 of a rollerplatenl1, which constitutes a revoluble printing-surface adapted to carry thesheet or other medium which is to receive the impression of the printingcharacters.

Upon a Xed portion of the frame 1, of which a stationary bar 12 arrangedparallel with the axis of and in rear of the platen is a part, is aninking-pad 13, constituting the normal rest for the type-heads 14,carried by the type-arms 15, and these type-arms are connected at theirrear ends with the upper long arms 16 of bellcrank levers fulcrumed upona bearing-rod 17, terminally secured tothe stationary frame.Key-levcrslS, carryingkeys 19, are fulcrumed at their rear ends upon abearing-rod 20, also supported by the main frame, and at intermediatepoints said key-levers are connected by links 2l with the shortforwardly-extending arms 1Gn of said bell-crank levers. Also connectedwith the type-arms at intermediate points are controlling-links 22,which are mounted at their lower ends upon the frame 1, whereby as thelong arms of the bell-crank levers are swung forwardly by the depressionof the front ends of said levers the controllingliuks 22 cause thetype-heads 1i to describe segmental paths rising from the pad 13,passing forwardly, and descending upon the surface of a sheet arrangedupon the platen 1l. The key-levers should be provided withreturn-springs 23 to return them after depression to their normalpositions, thereby carrying the connecting-levers l0 1G to their normalpositions and causing the type-heads to retraverse a segmental path totheir positions in contact with the inking-pad.

Secured to the platen at one end is a gear 24, adapted for forwardrotary movement in the direction indicated by the arrows in the drawingsto communicate motion in the same direction to the platen, and meshingwith this platen-gear is a driving-gear 25, which is fixed to a rotaryshaft 26, mounted in suitable bearings in the lower arms of the terminalspiders of the carriage, said shaft 2G being of crosssectionally angularconstruction, whereby an axially-stationary letter-spacing ratchet 27,through which said shaft extends, may impart rotary motion tothe shaftwithout interfering with the independent axial movement of said parts.It will be understood that an equivalent of the angular construction ofshaft would consist of any such feathered connection between the shaftand the letterspacing ratchet as would provide for the independent axialmovements of said members while preventing independent movement thereof.

A universal lever, consisting of a universal bar 2S, extending under andin the paths of the several key-levers, and an arm 29, extendingrearwardly from the extremities of the universal bar, is mounted uponthe main frameand may be fulcru med, as shown, upon the bearing rod 2Oof the key-levers, said universal lever being provided with one or morereturn-springs 30, by which it is yieldingly held in its elevated ornormal position and is returned to such position after the depression ofthe universal bar by the operation of a key-lever. The universal barcarries a letter-spacing feed-pawl 31, of which the free end is arrangedin operative relation with the letter-spacing ratchet-wheel 27, and asthe universal bar is depressed by the operation of a key-lever said pawlpasses from one tooth of the ratcllet-wheel to the next, whereupon therelease of the key-lever and the return of the universal bar to itsnormal position advance the ratchet-wheel a distance equal to theinterval between two contiguous peripheral teeth thereof. This advancerotary movement of the ratchet-Wheel, obviously, is communicated throughthe shaft 26 to the driving-gear 25, and hence to the platen or drivengear 24, to turn the platen through a distance equal to the 'intervalbctween two printing characters.

The depression of the universal bar at each operation of a key-lever issufficient to carry the letter-spacing pawl 3l downwardly through adistance equal to two tooth-spaces of the letter-spacing ratchet 27; butthe engagement of said pawl with the secon d ratchettooth is preventedby a movable stop 32, arranged in the path of the pawl 3l, whereby whena key-lever is depressed to disengagc the extremity of the pawl 3l fromone tooth said free end swings backward into contact with said stop 32and is thereby held in position to engage the next ratchet-tooth untilthe key-lever is released. This movable stop 32 is carried by aword-spacing pawl 33, also arranged in operative engagement with theratchet-wheel 27 and normally serving as a stop-pawl to prevent backwardmovement of the ratchet during the movement of the letter-spacing pawl31 from its position in engagement with one tooth to its new position inengagement with the fixed tooth. This word-spacing pawl, however, iscarried by a cross-bar 34 of the word-spacing lever 35, of which thearms are arranged under the arms 29 of the universal lever and areextended forwardly in advance of the universal bar to carry thespace-bar 86, disposed in front of the keyboard and within reach of thethumbs of the operator-s hands. NVhen it is desired to make a doublespace between words, the space-bar 36 is depressed simultaneously withthe key representing the last character of a word or the characterfollowing which such double space is to be formed, thereby disengagingthe word-spacing pawl 33 from the tooth of the ratchet, with which ithas been engaged, and allowing it to spring backward into position forengagement with the next tooth of the ratchet, thus removing the stop 32from the pathof the letter-spacing pawl 31. Hence when the space-bar isdepressed simultaneously with a key-lever the pawl 3l, instead of beingchecked in its rearward movement by the stop 32, is allowed to assume aposition to engage the second tooth of the ratchet from that with whichit has been engaged, and, therefore, upon the release of the keyleverand the return of the universal bar to its normal position the ratchet27 is advanced through an interval equal to two tooth-spaces. Obviouslythe space-bar (which should be yieldingly held in its elevated or normalp0- sition by a suitable return-spring 37) may be depressed successivelyand independently of a key-lever in order to increase the intervalbetween words or between sentences.

The means which we have illustrated in the drawings for holdinga letteror other impression sheet upon the platen include a spring- IOO IIO

actuated clamp-bar 3S, having arms 3) by which attachment to the platenis accomplished, and a tension-roll 40, mounted in a longitudinalcavityin the platen, said cavity being in communication with alongitudinal slot 41, through' which one edge of a lettersheet may beextended.- The spindle of the tension-rollkis providedat one end of theplaten with a thumb-wheel 42, and in applying a sheet to the platen oneedge thereof being introduced through the slot 4l is caught by thetension-roll and the other edge of the sheet is engaged by the clamp-bar3S. By

turning the tension-roll the sheet may be drawn tightly around theplaten to remove all looseness and insure a firm bearing and backing ofthe sheet by the platen.

The space occupied by the slot 4l and clamp-bar 38 constitutes aninoperative portion of the surface of the platen, and hence during theoperation of the machine the lines of Writing, which extendcircumferentially around theplaten, must begin at one side of thisinoperative space and terminate at the opposite side thereof, and meansmust be provided whereby when the platen has made one completerevolution, less the width of said inoperative space, it must turnsuiiiciently to cause the inoperative space to pass the printing-pointbetween two successive operations of a key lever or levers. In order toaccomplish this spacing movement of the platen to complete therevolution thereof and arrange the platen in position to begin a line ofwriting,we employ an automatic-spacing mechanism, including a spiralspacing-spring 43, secured at one end to a tension-gear 44, looselymounted upon the spindle of the platen and meshing with a gear 45, whichis fixed to the shaft 26 coaxially with the gear 25. The other end ofthe spacing-spring43 extends through a segmental slot 46 in the gear 44and is attached to the platen-gear 24. The intermeshing gears 44 45 and24 25, which are thus arranged in pairs, the gear 44 being loose, are soproportioned as to the number of teeth that during the advance movementof the platen through one complete revolution, less the inoperativespace above described, the gear 44 gains in angular' movement over thegear 24 a distance equal to the width of said inoperative space, therebygradually coilin g the spacing-spring 43 as the platen advances from itsposition at the beginning of a line to its posi- Lion at the end of saidline. When the platen reaches its terminal rotary position at the endYof a line of writing, the platen-gear 24 is released for actuation bythe spacing-spring 43 through an interval equal to the width of saidinoperative space, and this release is accomplished by mutilating thegear 24 or by omitting a series of teeth to form a smoothsurfaced orcut-away portion 243 equal in extent to the width of the inoperativespace.

ln order to accomplish the tightening of the spacing-spring 43 so as tocause the jumping or abrupt advance movement of the platen at the properpoint to change the platen from its position at the end of a line tothat which it must occupy at the beginning of the next line, we mayconstruct the gears 44 and 45 with an equal number of teeth, as eighty,and construct the gears 24 and 25 of different circumferentialmeasurements, whereby the toothed portion of the mutilated gear 24 has anumber of teeth equal to that of the gear 25. Then as the letter andwordspacing operations proceed and advance the platen from its initialto its terminal rotary position or from its positionat the beginning ofa line of writing to its position at the end of such line the gear 44will gradually gain in angular position upon the gear 24 and will windthe spacing-spring Vhen the terminal point of the operative surface ofthe platen comes into the printing plane, the cutaway 01 non-toothedportion of the mutilated gear 24 will register with the gear 25 and thespacing-spring 43 will quickly advance the platen toits initialposition, ready for the next line of writing, and the teeth of the gear24 will be rengaged with those of the gear 25.

The line-spacing mechanism of the typewriting machine embodying ourinvention includes a rack consisting of teeth 47 on the bar 7, whichconnects the terminal spiders of the carriage, and to which theguide-sleeves yS are attached, and a spur feed-gear 48,

mounted in a depending bracket 49 of the transverse bar l2, saidfeed-gear being provided With a carriage-actuating spring 50, whichforms the power by which line-spacing movement is imparted to thecarriage. One end of this spring 50 is attached to the gear 4S andtheother end to the bracket, whereby the tension ofthe spring turns thegear 48 to advance the carriage when the latter is released by thecontrolling mechanism provided for that purpose and hereinafterdescribed, and whereby the spring is tightened to produce the desiredtension by the return movement of the carriage, which is accomplishedmanually. The bar 7 also preferably carries ratchet-teeth 5l, forming afeed-ratchet for engagement by a line-spacing feed-pawl 52, which ismounted for reciprocatory movement parallel with the 4lines of writingor transversely to the said feed-ratchet for `en gagement with aholding-ratchet 53, mounted upon the feed-ratchet for limited movementtransversely to the lines of writing and independently of saidfeed-ratchet, and hence independently of the carriage, of which thefeed-ratchet forms a fixed part. This holding-ratchet bar 53 is guidedby means of slots 54, engaged by guide-pins or screws 55, andareturn-spring 56 is employed in connection with the holding-ratchet toadvance the same in the direction of movement of the carriage after eachengagement thereof by the feedpa-wl 52. Thus with the feed-pawl innormal engagement with the feed-ratchet the forward movement thereof tocause engagement with the holding-ratchet will release the car- IIOriage and allow the advance of the latter, actuated bythe spring 50,through a distance equal to the possible independent movement of theholding-ratchet with relation to the feed-ratchet. For instance, if theholdingratchet has an extent of movement equal to a single-line space,the disengagement of the feed-pawl from the teeth of the feed-ratchetand simultaneous engagement thereof with a tooth of the holding-ratchetwill allow the advance of the carriage through a distance equal to asingle-line space, whereupon the return of the feed-pawl into engagementwith the registering teeth of the feed-ratchet will release theholding-ratchet and permit it to return under the influence of itsspring 5G to its normal position.

In the construction illustrated the feedpawl 52 is carried by anoscillatory arm or hanger 57, hinged or otherwise mounted, as at 58,upon the main frame and preferably upon the bar l2 thereof, and thisoscillatory arm is connected by a rod 50 with an eccentric-strap GO,mounted upon an eccentric G1, which is carried by the hub of theratchetwheel 27, said ratchet-wheel being held from axial movement in adirection parallel with the shaft 2G by the rod 59, while allowing theindependent movement of the shaft 26, as will be understood from theforegoing description. Hence for each complete revolution of theratchet-wheel 27 the feed-pawl 52 will be advanced from its position inen oragement with the feed-ratchet 47 to a position in engagement withthe holding ratchet 53, thereby allowing the advance of the carriage (atthe moment that the platen spaces forward to avoid the inoperativeportion of the surface thereof) to form a space between lines.

As above indicated, the interval through which the carriage will advanceduring each disengagement of the feed-pawl from the feedratchet willdepend upon the extent of possible movement of the holding-ratchetindependently of the feed-ratchet, and in order that the length of spacebetween lines may be varied we provide an adjustable cam-stop 62,mounted upon the feed-ratchet or other lixed portion of the carriage inthe path of the movement ofthe holding-ratchet in opposition to itsreturn-spring 56 and-provide said stop with a plurality of stop-faces G363 63h, arranged at different distances from the center or axis 64 ofthe cam. Either of said stopfaces maybe arranged in the path of theholding-ratchet to limit the independent movement of the latter bymanual pressure applied to a handle G5 of the stop.

It is also necessary in a machine of the class to which our inventionbelongs to provide means whereby line-spacing of the carriage may beaccomplished manually or independently of the automatic devices abovedescribed, and hence instead of mounting the feed-pawl 52 directly uponthe hanger 57 we mount it upon a rocking lever GG, which is fulcrumedupon said hanger at an intermediate point and which in addition to thefeedgawl 52 carries a stop-pawl 67, also adapted to engage the teeth ofthe feed-ratchet when the lever, which is yicldingly held to maintainthe feed-pawl in engagement with said ratchet, is tilted or is moved inopposition to its actuating-spring GS. The feed-pawl 52 is mounted forswinging movement upon the rocking lever 66 and is actuated by a springG9, whereby when said lever is actuated to withdraw the feed-pawl fromengagement with the feedratchet said pawl is advanced by itsactuating-spring to a position in alincment with the next tooth of thefeed-ratchet, the engagement of the stop -pawl U7 with said feedratchetmeanwhile holding the carriage from advance movement. Vhen the rockinglever is released to cause the reeugagement of the feed-pawl with thefeed-ratchet, the carriageactuating spring advances tl1elatter,and withit the feed-pa wl, through an interval equal to one tooth-space of thefeed-ratchet. Obviously a fixed stop 70 must be arranged in the path ofthe feed-pawl. The means illustrated in the drawings for accomplishingthis independent spacing of the carriage by the actuation of the rockinglever (i6 includes a line-spacinglever 71, carrying a line-spacing key72 and connected by a link 73 with an extension 74- of said rockinglevel'. Obviously this spacing-lever may be operated as frequently asdesired to cause the advance of the carriage by steps when larger spacesthan those formed automatically are desired between the lines ofwriting.

In the construction illustrated the spindle of the platen is providedwith a handhold or wheel 75 to facilitate the operation of the platen inapplying and removing a sheet, and in order to release the gears andother connections to allow free rotary movement of the platen we employtrip mechanism,which may be of any suitable construction, but which inthe drawings is shown as a rock-shaft 76, having a trip-key lever 77,exposed for manual depression, and trip arms or cams 78 for engagementwith the letter and Word spacing pawls 3l and 33, to disengage saidpawls simultaneously from the ratchet 27.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that during the operationof the key-levers the platen receives a step-by-step advance rotarymovement, due to the operation of the letter-spacing mechanism, andwhenever a word-space is required or a double letter-space between wordsor characters in the line the space-bar is depressed simultaneously withthe key-lever, which is actuated just prior to said required space. Thisdepression of the space-bar may be accomplished by the thumb of the handby which the keylevers are actuated. Thus there is no loss of time dueto spacing between words or characters in the line. Vhen the end of theline is reached, the platen is automatically advanced bythe shiftingmechanism, including the gears 24 and 25, tft and 4-5, and the coop- TOOIIO

erating parts to adjust the platen to its iniwhich the extent isregulated by the adjust-` ment of the stop 62. Hence in writing acontinuous article the operation of the key-levers may be continuous,the platen being adjusted at the proper time to produce letter, word,and line spaces, as required.

The extent to which the edge of the impression-sheet is introduced intothe slot of the platen regulates the width of the margin, and hence forconvenience it may be stated that the interval through which the platenis advanced to carry :the inoperative portion of its surface beyond theprinting plane constitutes a margin-space and that the combi` nation ofdevices by which this extended forward movement of the platen isaccomplished constitutes a margin-spacing mechanism, the parts being sodisposed that the letter-spacing and margin-spacing of the platen areaccomplished successively to allow the continuous operation of theprinting mechanism, as above described. Furthermore, it will beunderstood that the letter and line spacing mechanisms forming parts ofour invention are not necessarily used in connection with the type-armconstructionof printing meehanismset forth herein, as they may beemployed with advantage in connection with other types of machineswherein printing mechanisms-of different kinds well-known in the art areused.

The term axially stationary ratchetwheel, as applied to theratchet-wheel 27, is intended to indicate that this ratchet-wheel, whileadapted to turn to communicate rotary motion toits shaft or spindle 26,is held from movement in a direction parallel with said shaft or spindleor, in other words, is held from axial movement while longitudinalmovement of the shaft or spindle 26 through said said ratchet-wheel andwith the carriage is permitted.

Various changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details ofconstruction may be resorted to without departing from t-he spirit orsacriticing any of the advantages ot this invention.

Having described our invention, what we claim is l. In a type-writingmachine, the combination with a supporting-frame, of a platen-supportingcarriage mounted for movement parallel with the axis of the platen,printing mechanism, an axially-stationary ratchet-wheel having its shaftmounted upon the carriage and capable of axial movement therewithindependently of the ratchet-wheel, connections between lheratchet-wheel shaft and the platen and mounted upon the carriage forcommunicating rotary motion to the platen,

means actuatedby the printing mechanism. for impartinga Step-by-steprotary movement to the ratchet-wheel, and carriage-feeding mechanismoperatively connected with the ratchet-wheel, substantially asspecified.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a supporting-frame,of a platen-supporti ng carriage mou n tedfor movement parallel with theaxis of the platen, printing mechanism, an axially-stationaryratchet-wheel having its shaft mounted upon the carriage and capable ofaxial movement therewith Aindependently ot the ratchet-wheel, letter andmargin spacing mechanism having coperating spring connected rotarymembers, respectively connected with and independent of the platen,gears carried by said ratchetwheel shaft for differentially advancingsaid members, means actuated by the printing mechanism for imparting astep-by-step rotary movement tothe ratchet-wheel, and carriage-feedingmechanism operatively connected with the ratchet-wheel, substantially asspecified.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a supporting-frame,of a platen-supporting carriage mounted for move m entparallel with theaxis of the platen, printing mechanism, an axially-stationaryratchetwheel having its shaft mounted upon the carriage and capable ofaxial movement therewith independently of the ratchet-wheel, letter andmargin spacing mechanism comprising spring-connected gears arrangedcoaxially with, and respectively attached to and independent of theplaten, the attached gearbeing mutilated and of larger diameter than theloose gear, and coperating gears ixed to the ratchet-wheel shaft andrespectively meshing with said spring-connected gears, fordifferentially advancing the same, means actuated by the printingmechanism for imparting a step-by-step rotary movement to theratchetwheel, and carriage-feeding mechanism operatively connected withthe ratchet-wheel, substantially as specied.

4. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a su pporting-framehavingcarriageguides, ot' a carriage having terminal armed spiders, ot'which the forward and rearward extending arms are connected bylongitudinal bars, an axially-fixed rotary ratchet-wheel having anaxially-movable shaft mounted in bearings in the downward-extending armsof said spiders, a platen having its trunnions mounted in bearings inthe upward-extending arms of the spiders, connections between theratchet-shaft and said platen for communieating letter and marginalspacing motion thereto, printing mechanism, means actuated by theprinting mechanism for imparting-a step-by-step rotary movement to theratchetwheel, and carriage-feeding mechanism operatively connected withthe ratchet-wheel, substantially as speciiied.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a su pporting-framehaving carriage- IOO IZO

guides, of a carriage having terminal armed spiders, of which theforward and rearward extending arms are connected by longitudinal bars,the rear longitudinal bar having a toothed rack, aspring-actuatedcarriage-advancing pinion meshing with said rack, an axially-fixedrotary latchet-wheel having` an axially-movable sha'tt mounted inbearings in the downward-extendingarmsof said spiders, a platen havingits trunnions mounted in bearings in the upward-extending arms of thespiders, connections between the ratchetshatt and saidplaten t'orcommunicating letter and marginal spacing motion thereto, printingmechanism, means actuated by the printing mechanism for impartingastep-bystep rotary movement to the ratchet-wheel, andcarriage-feeding mechanism operatively connected with the ratchet-wheel,substantially as specitied.

(i. In a type-writingmachine, the combination with printing mechanism,ot' a revoluble platen and means for imparting motion thereto, saidplaten being provided with a surface holding-clamp and an interiorroller for engaging one edge of an impression-sheet, said roller`beingaccessible through a slot in the surface oi the platen, substantially asspecilied.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with printing mechanism,of a revoluble platen and means for imparting motion thereto, saidplaten being provided with a holding-clam p and a longitudinal slotcommunicating with a cavity, and a roller mounted in the cavity forengagement with one edge of an impression-sheet and provided withexteriorly-accessible means whereby rotary motion may be communicated tothe roller, substantially as specified.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a movable platen andprinting mechanism for cooperation therewith, of a ratchet mounted forstep-by-step movement and operatively connected with the platen,aletterspacing pawl mounted for reeiprocatory movement in a pathdiverging from the path of the ratchet-teeth, for imparting movement tothe ratchet, and also capable of transverse vibration to cause terminalengagement thereof with the ratchet-teeth, and a movable stop arrangedin the path of transverse movement ot said pawl, substantially asspecified.

il. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a movable platen andprinting mechanism for cooperation therewith, of a ratchet mounted forstep-by-step rotary movement and operatively connected with the platen,a universal bar arranged in operative relation with movable elements ofthe printingmeehanism, a reciprocatory letter-spacing pawl carried bythe universal bar for movementin a path tangential to the ratchet, andadapted for transverse vibration to engage the teeth of the ratchet, amovable stop arranged in the path of transverse movement of said pawl,and means for temporarily withdrawing said stop from the path of thepawl, substantially as specified.

10. Inatype-writingmaehine,thecombina tion with printing mechanism, andafcoperating movable platen, of platen-feeding mechanism including aratchet operatively connected with the platen, a pawl engaging saidratchet and actuated by the printing mechanism, said pawl being capableof longitudinal reeiprocatory movements ot uniform amplitude, in a pathtangential tothe ratchet, and also being capable of transverse vibrationtoward and from the periphery ofthe ratchet, and means for controllingthe transverse vibration of the pawl to cause engagement thereof withsuccessive or alternate teeth of the ratchet, substantially asspecified.

11. In atype-writing machinc,the combination with printing mechanism,and a coperating movable platen, of platen-feeding meehanism including aratchet operatively connected with the platen, a pawl engaging saidratchet and actuated by the printing incollanism, said pawl beingcapable of longitudinal reciprocatory movements of uniform amplitude, ina path tangential to the ratchet, and also beingcapable of transversevibration toward and from the periphery ofthe ratchet, andmanually-controlled means for limiting the transverse vibration of thepawl to cause the engagement thereof with successive or alternate teethof the ratchet, substantially as specified.

l2. In a type-writing1nachine,the combination with printing mechanism,and a coperating movable platen, of platen-feeding mechanism including aratchet operatively connected with the platen, atangentially-reciprocatorypawl actuated bythe printing mechanism andadapted for terminal vibratory movement toward and from the path ofmovement of the ratchet-teeth, a movable stop normally arranged in thepath of vibratory movement ot' said pawl toward the ratchetteeth, tolimit said movement and cause the engagement of the pawl with successiveteeth, and means for withdrawing the stop from the path of the pawl toallow the latter to engage alternate teeth, substantially as specified.

13. Inatype-writingmachine,theeombination with printing mechanism, and acoperating movable platen, of platen-feedingmedhanism including aratchet-wheel operatively connected with the platen, a pawl operativelyconnected with the printing mechanism and arranged in operative relationwith the ratchet for tangential reciprocation and terminal vibration, amovable stop normally arranged in the path of vibratory movement of thepawl to limit the same to engage successive teeth ot the ratchet, andmeans, operable with an element of the printing mechanism, forwithdrawing the stop from the path ot said pawl, substantially asspecified.

14. In a type-writing machine,the combination with printing mechanism,and a coperating movable platen, of platenfeeding ICO IIO

mechanism including a peripllerally-toothed ratchet operatively ,connected with the platen, a laterally-yielding letter-spacing pawl mountedfor reciprocatory movement to impart step-by-step motion to saidratchet, and adapted to vibrate at its extremity toward and from theperiphery of the ratchet, means actuated by the printing mechanism forimparting a reciprocatory movement through a uniform distance to saidpawl, in a path tangential to the ratchet,a movable stop normallyarranged in the path of the vibratory movement of the pawl to limit theterminal movement of the latter to engagement with successive teeth ofthe ratchet, and means, including a depressible element, locatedcontiguous to the keyboard, for witlnlrawingsaid stop from the path ofthe pawl, substantially as speeined.

15. In atype-writiug machine, the combination with printing mechanism,and a coperating movable platen, of platen -feeding mechanism includinga rotary ratchet operatively connected with the platen, a letterspacingpawl normally in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet, meansactuated by the printing mechanism Yfor imparting a reciprocatorymovement to said pawl in a path tangential to the ratchet, a stop-pawlalso normally in engagement with the ratchet, said pawls beingspring-actuated for transverse terminal'vibration, a stop carried by thestop-pawl and normally arranged in the path of the letter-spacing pawlto limit the terminal vibratory movement of the latter to engagementwith successive teeth of the ratchet, and means for simultaneouslydisengaging said letter-spacing and stop pawls from the teeth of theratchet, to remove said stop from the path of the letter-spacing pawl,substantially as specified.

1G. Inatype-writing machine, the combination with a movable platen, andprintingmechanism including key-levers, of platen-feeding mechanismincluding a ratchet operatively connected with the platen, a springletter-spacing pawl for engagement with the ratchet, a universal baractuated by the keylevers and operatively connected with theletter-spacing pawl for imparting reciprocatory movement thereto, aspring stop-pawl also normally in engagement with the ratchet andcarrying a stop which is normally disposed in the path of saidletter-spacing pawl to limit the terminal movement of the latter toengagement with successive teeth of the ratchet, and a spacing-levercarrying said ially-ixed ratchet-wheel, operating connections betweenthe ratchet- Wheel and the platen, and carriage-feeding mechanismoperatively connected with the ratchet-Wheel, a universal bar adaptedfor actuation by members of the printing mechanism, a feedpawl carriedby the universal bar for engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheeland having a spring tendency toward said teeth, a depressible space-bar,and a stop-paw] carried by the space-bar in the path of the feedpawl inits movement toward the ratchetwheel and having a spring tendency towardthe teeth of the ratchet-wheel, said stop-pawl being adapted to limitthe movement of the feed-pawl to engage successive teeth of theratchet-wheel, and also being adapted for disengagement from theratchet-wheel to allowr a movement of the feed-pawl greaterthan thatwhich is necessary to engage successive teeth of the ratchet-wheel,substantially as specified.

18. In a type-witing machine, the combinai tion with a supporting-frame,a platen-supporting carriage mounted thereon, and printing mechanism, ofa peripherally-toothed axially-fixed ratchet-wheel, operatingconnections between the ratchet-wheel and the platen, andcarriage-feedingmechanism operatively connected with the ratchet-wheel,a universal bar adapted for actuation by members of the printingmechanism, a feed-pawl carried by the universal bar for engagement withthe teeth of the ratchet-wheel and hav- IOO ing a spring tendency towardsaid teeth, al

depressible space-bar, and a stop-pawl carried by the space-bar andhaving a spring tendency toward the teeth of the ratchet-- wheel, and astop carried by said stop-pawl and arranged in the path of the feed-pawlto limit the forward movement of the latter when disengaged from theratchet-wheel, said stop-pawl being depressible by means ot' thespace-bar to disengage it from the ratchet-wheel and withdraw the stopfrom the path of the feed-pawl, substantially as specitied.

'19. In a. type-writing machine, the combination with asupporting-frame, a platen-supporting carriage mounted upon the frame,and printing mechanism, of an axially-fixed ratchet-wheel, a universalbar arranged in the path of movable elements of the printing mechanism,a spring feed-pawl carried by the universal bar for engagement with theteeth of the ratchet-wheel, and adapt-ed when released therefrom tospring forward into engagement with a successive tooth, a stop-pawl alsoin terminal engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel and carryinga stop arranged in the path of the feed-pawl Afor limiting the advancemovement thereof, and a trip-Cain arranged in operative relation withthe stop-pawl, and adapted, by transverse displacement thereof, tosimultaneously disengage the stop and feed pawls from the ratchet-wheel,substantially as specified.

IIO

20. In a type-writing machine, a carriagefeeding mechanism comprisingfeeding and holding ratchets, of which the latter is capable of movementindependent of the former through a distance equal to the combinedwidths of a plurality of ratchet-teeth, atransversely-reciprocatoryelement for alternate engagement with the teeth ot' said ratchets, andan adjustable stop for limiting the independent movemcntof saidholding-ratchet to a throw equal to the width of one or moreratchet-teeth, substantially as specified.

2l. In a type-writing machine, a carriagefeediug mechanism includingfeeding and holding ratchets, of which the latter is movableindependently of the former, in the direct-ion of movement of thecarriage and through a distance equal to the combined widths of aplurality of ratchet-teeth, and is yieldingly held in a retractedposition, a transversely-reciprocatory element for alternate engagementwith the ratchets, and a movable stop-cam arranged in the path of saidholding-ratchet for limiting its movement to a throw equal to the widthof one or more ratchet-teeth, substantially as specified.

22. In a type-writing machine, a carriagefeeding mechanism includingfeeding and holding ratchets, of which the latter is movableindependently of the former, in the direction of movement of thecarriage and through a distance equal to the combined widths of aplurality of ratchet-teeth, and is yieldingly held in a retractedposition, a transversely-reciprocatery element for alternate engagementwith the ratchets, and an adjustable plural-sided stop-cam pivotallymounted upon one of the ratchets in the path of the other, and adaptedto be arranged with either of its sides in the path of the other, theseveral sides of the cam being arranged at difterent distances from thepivot, whereby the movable ratchet may be limited to a 'throw equal tothe width of one or more ratchet-teeth, substantially as specified.

23. In a type-writing machine, a carriagefeeding mechanism havingfeeding and holdin g ratchets movable parallel with the path of thecarriage, one ofthe ratchets being movable independently of the other, aswinging hanger mounted for movement transversely of the ratchets, afeed-pawl carried by said hanger, means including an eccentric andconnections for oscillating the hanger to cause the alternate engagementof the pawl with the ratchet, and devices, actuated by the printingmechanism, for imparting step-by-step movement to the eccentric,substantially as specied.

24. In atype-writing machine, the combination with printing mechanism, acarriage, a platen mounted upon the carriage, an d platenfeedingmechanism, actuated bythe printing mechanism, for imparting rotarystep-by-step motion to the platen, of carriage feeding mechanismincluding feeding and holding ratchets, a fecd-pawl mounted fortransverse mechanism for reciprocating said pawl, and

means for withdrawing said pawlvfrom engagement with the ratchets,substantially as specified.

2G. In a type-writing machine, the combination with printing mechanism,a carriage, a platen mounted upon the carriage,an d platenfeedingmechanism,actuated by the printing mechanism, for imparting rotarystep-by-step motion to the platen, of carriage -feeding lnechanismincluding feeding and holding ratchets, a feed-pawl mounted fortransverse movement to alternately engage said ratchets, means actuatedby the platen-feeding mechanism for reciprocating said pawl,feedpawl-supporting devices including a rocking lever h avinga stop-pawlfor engagement with the ratchets alternately with the feed-pawl, andmeans for actuating the lever to withdraw the feed-pawl from engagementwith the ratchets, substantially' as specified.

27. In a type-writing machine,the combination with printing mechanism, acarriage, a platen mounted upon the carriage,and platenfeedingmechanism, actuated by the printing mechanism, for im parting rotarystep-by-step motion to the platen, of carriage-feeding mechanismincluding feeding and holding ratchets, and means for limiting theindependent movement of the holdingratchet, a feed-pawl mounted formovement transversely of and parallel with the ratchets and yieldinglyactuated for swinging movement in the plane of the ratchets,feed-pawl-supporting devices including a rocking lever carrying astop-pawl for engagement with the ratchets when Athe feed-pawl isdisengaged therefrom, means for actuating said lever to disengage thefeedpawl and allow backward longitudinal movement thereof to engage asucceeding tooth of the ratchet in the plane of which it is arranged,and connections between the platenfeeding mechanism and the feed-pawlsupports for imparting transverse movement t0 the pawl, substantially asspecied.

2S. Inatype-writingmachine,theeombination with printing mechanism, acarriage, a platen mounted upon the carriage,and platenfeedingmechanism, actuated by the printing mechanism, for imparting rotarystep-by-step motion to the platen,of carriage-feedin g mechanismincluding feeding and holding ratchets and means for limiting theindependent rela- IOO IIO

tive movement thereof, a feed-pawl mounted for movement longitndinallyand transverselyr with relation to the ratchets,feed-pawl-supporting devices including a hanger mounted for swingingmovement transversely of the ratchets, and a rocking lever to one arm ofwhich said paWl is pivoted for` longitudinal movement, the rocking leverbeing provided on its other arm With a stop-pawl, and the feed-pawlbeing yieldingly actuated to impart a backward movement thereto whendisengaged from the ratchets, means for operat= ing said rocking leverto disengage the feedpawl, and operating connections between theplaten-feeding mechanism and the feed-pawl supports, substantially asspeciijed.

29. Inatype-writingmachine,thecombina tion with a platen-supportingcarriage and printing mechanism, of carriage feeding mechanism includingfeeding and holding ratchets capable of limited independent movement inparallel paths, a feed-pawl mounted for movementtransverselyandlongitudinally with relation to the ratchets, a feed-pawl supportincluding a hanger and a rocking lever mounted thereon,said feed-pawlbeing mounted upon one arm of the rocking lever and the other arm of thelever being provided with a stop-pawl for engagement with the ratchetswhen the feed-pawl is disengaged therefrom, means for spacing thefeed-pawl backward when disengaged from the ratchet, means for operatingthe rocking lever to disengage the feed-pawl therefrom, and meansactuated by the printing mechanism for communicating movement to thefeed-pawl supports to cause transverse movement of said pawl,substantially as specified.

30. In atype-writing machine,the combination with a platen-supportingcarriage and printing mechanism, of carriage feeding mechanism includingratchets mounted for indepen-dent relative movement in parallel paths,afeed-pawl mounted for transverse and longitudinal movement with relationto the ratchets, a feed-pawlsupport including an oscillatory memberhavinga stop-pawl to engage the ratchets when the feed-pawl isdisengaged therefrom, means for spacing the feed-pawl backward whendisengaged from the ratchet, means for actuating the oscillatory memberof the feed-pawl support for disengaging the feed-pawl from theratchets, and means operated by the printing mechanism for impartingtransverse movement to the feed-pand, substantially as specied.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our own We have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

THOMAS A. KILLMAN. HERSCl-IEL A. BRATTEN. Witnesses:

A. E. POTTER, O. M. WooDsIDE.

